RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

What Is Retinopathy Of Prematurity?

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is a process of new blood vessel formation and scarring. It affects the retina (the seeing membrane at the back of the eye) primarily in very low birth weight babies. Though sometimes severe enough to cause a white pupil, the condition may be evident only during a careful examination by an eye doctor usually noted while the newborn is still in the hospital.

What Causes Retinopathy Of Prematurity?

The cause is complex and not completely understood. Factors which appear to influence this condition are primarily the degree of prematurity and birth weight. Other associated factors include respiratory problems, anemia, heart problems, hemorrhage in the brain and the need for supplemental oxygen to save the baby's life.

Do All Babies With Retinopathy Of Prematurity Go Blind?

No, only a small percentage go blind. The changes in the retina may or may not lead to visual impairment depending on their location, progression and severity. For unknown reasons the excess blood vessel growth and scarring stops by itself in the majority of babies. Unfortunately, in a small percentage there is progressive scar formation which may impair vision and even cause blindness.

Can The Visual Outcome Of A Baby Be Predicted At The Time Of Diagnosis?

It is impossible to accurately predict the outcome of retinopathy of prematurity in an individual baby. Follow-up examinations are essential to observe the progression of the disease and to manage its complications.

Can Retinopathy Of Prematurity Be Prevented?

In spite of the most sophisticated hospital nurseries and neonatal intensive care units, retinopathy of prematurity continues to occur.

Can Retinopathy Of Prematurity Be Treated?

If your baby is noted to have active ROP on examination, the doctor may choose to offer laser photocoagulation to the peripheral retina in hopes of causing regression of the ROP.

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